Ma graphene masks anogona kudzivirira haze

1. Mechanical properties Iyo mechanical properties ye graphene yakasimba zvikuru, uye simba rayo remagetsi rinosvika ku130GPa, iyo yakaenzana ne100 nguva yesimbi. Zvikaverengerwa, kana hukobvu hwekubatanidza hwegraphene huchikwanisa kusvika mirimita imwe, hunogona kutsigira huremu hwenzou. Zvimiro zvayo zvakasimba zvemichina zvinobva kupi? Sezvatakataura pakutanga-chimiro chinotarisa zvivakwa. Chimiro chemativi maviri, uye cheni pakati pekabhoni nekabhoni yakasimba kwazvo.Kune vavakidzani vatatu vakatenderedza kabhoni yega yega. Iyo kabhoni bond inoumbwa nevavakidzani vatatu ava ipfupi uye yakasimba kwazvo, iyo inotsigira yakakwira michina yegraphene.

2. Mamiriro emagetsi Zvinhu zvayo zvemagetsi zvakakodzera kutaurwa. Kufamba kwayo maerekitironi kunogona kusvika 200,000cm ^ 2/Vs, iyo inopeta zana pane yesilicon. Chii chinonzi electron mobility? Zvinoreva kuti maerekitironi anogona sei kumhanya muchinhu ichi. Iko conductivity yechinhu inotsanangurwa nezvinhu zviviri. Imwe ndeyekuti maerekitironi anomhanya sei mairi, uye yechipiri ndeyekuti maerekitironi akawanda anomhanya mairi. Unogona kufungidzira mugwagwa mukuru. Sipeed limit pamugwagwa mukuru uyu ndeipi? Motokari inogona kumhanya sei? Huwandu hwemotokari dzinomhanya pairi hunoratidza huwandu hwemugwagwa mukuru uyu. Saka mukugadzira zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi, isu tinowanzo tarisiro yekuve nehukuru hwepamusoro, kuitira kuti kumhanya kwekombuta kwechigadzirwa kukurumidza. Chechipiri, ikozvino density kushivirira yakakura kwazvo. Somuenzaniso, tine waya inowanzoshandiswa, yakadai sewaya yesimbi yemhangura. Isu tinopfuura ikozvino. Kana iyo voltage ichiwedzera uye ikozvino inowedzera kune imwe nhanho, ikozvino ichapisa waya yemhangura. Asi kukwanisa kwegraphene kuramba kutsva kwakakwira zvikuru, inogona kusvika miriyoni imwe yemhangura!Kana tikashandisa graphene se conductor, huremu hwe conductor hunogona kudzikiswa zvakanyanya. Chichangobva kuwanikwa chinoratidza kuti kana kaviri-layer graphene ikatenderedzwa pakona, imwe superconductivity ichaitika. Nekudaro, ine kuperevedza mune zvemagetsi zvivakwa, inova yayo zero simba bhendi gap. Iyo simba bhendi [4] ine hukama nekuvapo kwesemiconductor. Kana iri bhendi resimba rakakodzera, iri semiconductor yakanaka. Sezvo graphene ine zero simba bhendi, haisi semiconductor, asi simbi pfuma, saka zvichiri kuoma kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi. Vesainzi vari kukunda matambudziko anokonzerwa neaya mabhandi esimba rezero.

3. Density uye yakakura chaiyo nzvimbo nzvimbo Graphene chinhu chakanyanya dense. Nekuti zvisungo zvaro zvipfupi kwazvo, chinhambwe chiri pakati peatomu chiri padyo, chete 0.142nm. Mune mamwe mazwi, kunyange mamorekuru madiki nemaatomu akadai sehydrogen nehelium haakwanise kupfuura nawo. Iyo yakanaka kwazvo inodzivirira zvinhu ine yakananga nzvimbo ye2630m^2/g, zvinoreva kuti nzvimbo yayo yakakura kwazvo. Ngatitarisei pamufananidzo wepakati, unova chimiro chakafanana nefuro chakagadzirwa negraphene. Inogona kuzvitsigira pachayo, asi yakanyanya kujeka.Tinoiisa pauswa hwembwa, uye uswa hwembwa hunoita sehusina kuchinja kwemaitiro. Tinogona kushandisa magraphene aya kugadzira zvimwe zvekusefa. Nekuvhura mamwe maburi madiki ehukuru hunodzoreka paari, tinogona kupatsanura akasiyana magasi kana zvinwiwa. Semuenzaniso, kuparadzaniswa kwemunyu mumvura yegungwa uye kupatsanurwa kweokisijeni nenitrogen mumhepo.

4. Zvimiro zvechiedza nekupisa Zvinhu zvechiedza mugraphene, nokuti pane kabhoni imwe chete, chikamu chimwe chete cheatomu kabhoni, transmittance yayo inogona kusvika 97.7%, zvinoreva kuti imwe mutsara we carbon atomu inogona kutora 2.3% yechiedza. . Ihombe here kana kuti idiki? Muchokwadi, iko kunyudza kwakasimba kwechiedza. Tinogona kunyatsotora chiedza nezvikamu makumi mashanu zvegraphene. Izvi zvakaoma kune zvimwe zvinhu. Asi graphene inogona, isu tinongoda chikamu chimwe chete chayo, chinoita kuti ive yakakosha. Graphene ine yakanaka kwazvo yekupisa conductivity. Ikozvino kune nzira mbiri huru dzekupisa conductivity. Imwe inonzi electronic thermal conductivity, kureva kuti, kana chinhu chiri kunyanya kufambisa, kupisa kwayo kunowanzoitawo zvakanaka, zvakadai semhangura nealuminium. Iyo inotsamira pamaphononi, ndiko kuti, kumhanya kweiyo ruzha kuparadzira. Mugraphene, kumhanya kweinzwi wave kuparadzira kunogona kusvika 22km/s, saka ine yakanaka kwazvo yekupisa conductivity.